What is the effect of reactor operations on radiation levels?

• A. They have no effect
• B. They always increase levels
• C. They decrease levels
• D. They can change radiation levels in the plant

Answer: (D)

Reactor operations change the radiation environment because the plant becomes a source of radioactive emissions and the way radiation moves around the facility depends on how the reactor and its systems are configured. When the reactor is running, neutron flux activates structural materials and fuel, creating activation products that emit radiation. Fission products in the fuel and possible releases or leaks add to the radiation present. Repairs, maintenance, and changes in shielding or geometry can also alter how radiation is distributed and how much is detected in different areas. Because these factors can either raise or lower local radiation levels, the overall effect of reactor operations is that radiation levels in the plant can change.